M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichikhala ndi maginito ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito maginito kuti adziwe.Komabe, njira imeneyi si yabwino mwasayansi.Choyamba, ma aloyi a zinc ndi ma aloyi amkuwa amatha kutsanzira mawonekedwe komanso kusowa kwa maginito, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chikhulupiriro cholakwika kuti ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Ngakhale giredi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, 304, imatha kuwonetsa mosiyanasiyana maginito pambuyo pozizira.Choncho, kudalira maginito kuti mudziwe zenizeni za zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri sizodalirika.
Ndiye, nchiyani chimayambitsa maginito muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri?
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa zinthu zakuthupi, maginito azitsulo amachokera ku electron spin structure.Electron spin ndi quantum mechanical property yomwe ingakhale "mmwamba" kapena "pansi."Muzinthu za ferromagnetic, ma elekitironi amadziyika okha mbali imodzi, pomwe mu zida za antiferromagnetic, ma elekitironi ena amatsata njira zokhazikika, ndipo ma elekitironi oyandikana nawo amakhala ndi masipiko otsutsana kapena opingasa.Komabe, ma elekitironi omwe ali m'mabwalo a katatu, onse ayenera kupota mbali imodzi mkati mwa makona atatu aliwonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale chozungulira.
Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic (choyimiridwa ndi 304) sichikhala ndi maginito koma chimatha kuwonetsa maginito ofooka.Ferritic (makamaka 430, 409L, 439, ndi 445NF, pakati pa ena) ndi martensitic (woyimiridwa ndi 410) zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maginito.Pamene zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo ngati 304 zimayikidwa ngati zopanda maginito, zikutanthauza kuti maginito awo amagwera pansi pa malo ena;komabe, magiredi ambiri osapanga dzimbiri amawonetsa maginito ena.Kuonjezera apo, monga tanenera kale, austenite si maginito kapena ofooka maginito, pamene ferrite ndi martensite ndi maginito.Kutentha kosayenera kapena kugawanika kwapadera panthawi yosungunuka kungayambitse kukhalapo kwazing'ono za martensitic kapena ferritic mkati mwa 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito ofooka.
Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 304 kumatha kusandulika kukhala martensite pambuyo pozizira kozizira, ndipo m'pofunika kwambiri kupindika, mawonekedwe a martensite, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito amphamvu.Kuti athetseretu maginito mu 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, chithandizo cha kutentha kwapamwamba chingathe kuchitidwa kuti abwezeretse dongosolo lokhazikika la austenite.
Mwachidule, maginito a zinthu amatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhazikika kwa makonzedwe a ma molekyulu ndi ma electron spins.Zimatengedwa ngati katundu wakuthupi wa zinthuzo.Kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zinthu, kumbali ina, kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndipo sikudalira maginito ake.
Tikukhulupirira kuti kufotokoza mwachidule kumeneku kwathandiza.Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudzana ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chonde omasuka kufunsa makasitomala a EST Chemical kapena kusiya uthenga, ndipo tidzakhala okondwa kukuthandizani.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2023