Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba insimbi engenasici ayinamagnetic kwaye isebenzisa umazibuthe ukuyichonga.Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayilunganga ngokwesayensi.Okokuqala, i-zinc alloys kunye ne-alloys zethusi zinokulinganisa imbonakalo kunye nokungabikho kwemagneti, okukhokelela kwinkolelo ephosakeleyo yokuba ziyinsimbi engenasici.Nkqu nelona bakala lisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo intsimbi engenasici, i-304, inokubonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo emagnetism emva kokusebenza okubandayo.Ngoko ke, ukuthembela kuphela kwimagnethi ukumisela ubunyani bensimbi engenasici ayithembekanga.
Ke, yintoni ebangela i-magnetism kwintsimbi engatyiwayo?
Ngokophononongo lwefiziksi yezinto, umazibuthe wesinyithi uthathwa kwisakhiwo se-electron spin.I-Electron spin yipropathi ye-quantum mechanical enokuthi ibe "phezulu" okanye "phantsi."Kwimathiriyeli ye-ferromagnetic, ii-electron zilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwicala elinye, ngelixa kwimathiriyeli ye-antiferromagnetic, ezinye ii-electron zilandela iipateni eziqhelekileyo, kwaye ii-electrons ezingabamelwane zine-spins ezichaseneyo okanye ezichaseneyo.Nangona kunjalo, kwii-electron kwiilethi ezinxantathu, kufuneka zonke zijikeleze kwicala elifanayo ngaphakathi konxantathu ngamnye, okukhokelela kukungabikho kwesakhiwo se-net spin.
Ngokubanzi, i-austenitic stainless steel (emelwe yi-304) ayiyo-magnetic kodwa inokubonisa ubuzibuthe obubuthathaka.I-Ferritic (ikakhulukazi i-430, i-409L, i-439, kunye ne-445NF, phakathi kwabanye) kunye ne-martensitic (emelwe yi-410) i-stainless steels ngokuqhelekileyo imagnetic.Xa amabakala ensimbi engenasici njenge-304 ahlelwa njenge-non-magnetic, kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zabo zamagnetic ziwela ngaphantsi komda othile;nangona kunjalo, amabakala amaninzi entsimbi abonisa iqondo elithile lemagnethi.Ukongeza, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-austenite ayiyo-magnetic okanye i-magnetic ebuthathaka, ngelixa i-ferrite kunye ne-martensite zimagnetic.Ukuphathwa kobushushu obungafanelekanga okanye ukwahlula okuhlanganisiweyo ngexesha lokunyibilika kunokubangela ukuba kubekho amanani amancinci e-martensitic okanye izakhiwo ze-ferritic ngaphakathi kwe-304 yensimbi engenasici, ekhokelela kwi-magnetism ebuthathaka.
Ngaphaya koko, ulwakhiwo lwe-304 yensimbi engenasici lunokutshintsha lube yi-martensite emva kokusebenza okubandayo, kwaye okukhona kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuguqulwa, kokukhona iifom ze-martensite, ezikhokelela kwi-magnetism eyomeleleyo.Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-magnetism kwi-304 yensimbi engenasici, unyango olunobushushu obuphezulu lunokwenziwa ukubuyisela isakhiwo esizinzileyo se-austenite.
Isishwankathelo, i-magnetism yezinto eziphathekayo imiselwa ngokuhlala rhoqo kwe-molecular arrangement kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-electron spins.Kuthathwa njengepropathi ebonakalayo yezinto eziphathekayo.Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion ye-corrosion material, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunqunywe yi-chemical composition kwaye izimeleyo kwi-magnetism yayo.
Siyathemba ukuba le ngcaciso imfutshane ibe luncedo.Ukuba unayo nayiphi na eminye imibuzo malunga nentsimbi engenasici, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukudibana nenkonzo yabathengi be-EST Chemical okanye ushiye umyalezo, kwaye siya kukuvuyela ukukunceda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-15-2023