I-passivation ichazwa njengokwakhiwa kongqimba oluncane oluvikelayo ebusweni bensimbi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-oxidizing, ezizuzwa nge-anodic polarization eqinile, ukuvimbela ukugqwala.Ezinye izinsimbi noma ama-alloy zenza isendlalelo esilula esivimbelayo kumandla okuqalisa noma ngaphansi kwe-anodic polarization ebuthakathaka, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izinga lokugqwala.Ngokwencazelo ye-passivation, lesi simo asiwi ngaphansi kwe-passivation.
Ukwakheka kwefilimu ye-passivation mncane kakhulu, nesilinganiso sogqinsi esisuka ku-1 kuya ku-10 nanometers.Ukutholwa kwe-hydrogen efilimini elincanyana elidlulayo kubonisa ukuthi ifilimu yokudlula ingase ibe i-hydroxide noma i-hydrate.I-Iron (Fe) inzima ukwenza ifilimu ye-passivation ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokugqwala;kwenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezine-oxidizing kakhulu futhi ngaphansi kwe-anodic polarization kuya emandleni aphezulu.Ngokuphambene, i-chromium (Cr) ingakha ifilimu engenzi lutho ezinzile, eminyene, futhi evikelayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezine-oxidizing kancane.Kuma-alloys asekelwe ku-iron aqukethe i-chromium, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kudlula u-12%, kubizwa ngokuthi insimbi engagqwali.Insimbi engagqwali ingagcina isimo esingashintshiwe ezixazululweni eziningi ezinamanzi aqukethe amanani okulandelela omoya.I-Nickel (Ni), uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi, ayigcini nje ngokuba nezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini (kuhlanganise nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu) kodwa futhi ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kukho kokubili okungewona oxidizing.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Metal Passivation kanye nokuqina kwefilimu ye-Passivation
I-passivation ichazwa njengokwakhiwa kongqimba oluncane oluvikelayo ebusweni bensimbi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-oxidizing, ezizuzwa nge-anodic polarization eqinile, ukuvimbela ukugqwala.Ezinye izinsimbi noma ama-alloy zenza isendlalelo esilula esivimbelayo kumandla okuqalisa noma ngaphansi kwe-anodic polarization ebuthakathaka, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izinga lokugqwala.Ngokwencazelo ye-passivation, lesi simo asiwi ngaphansi kwe-passivation.
Ukwakheka kwefilimu ye-passivation mncane kakhulu, nesilinganiso sogqinsi esisuka ku-1 kuya ku-10 nanometers.Ukutholwa kwe-hydrogen efilimini elincanyana elidlulayo kubonisa ukuthi ifilimu yokudlula ingase ibe i-hydroxide noma i-hydrate.I-Iron (Fe) inzima ukwenza ifilimu ye-passivation ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokugqwala;kwenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezine-oxidizing kakhulu futhi ngaphansi kwe-anodic polarization kuya emandleni aphezulu.Ngokuphambene, i-chromium (Cr) ingakha ifilimu engenzi lutho ezinzile, eminyene, futhi evikelayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezine-oxidizing kancane.Kuma-alloys asekelwe ku-iron aqukethe i-chromium, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kudlula u-12%, kubizwa ngokuthi insimbi engagqwali.Insimbi engagqwali ingagcina isimo esingashintshiwe ezixazululweni eziningi ezinamanzi aqukethe amanani okulandelela omoya.I-Nickel (Ni), uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi, ayigcini nje ngokuba nezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini (kuhlanganise nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu) kodwa futhi ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kuzo zombili izindawo ezingafaki i-oxidizing kanye ne-oxidizing.Uma okuqukethwe kwe-nickel ku-iron kudlula u-8%, kusimamisa ukwakheka kwe-cubic egxile kubuso be-austenite, kuthuthukise amandla okudlula kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuvikeleka kokugqwala.Ngakho-ke, i-chromium ne-nickel yizakhi ezibalulekile ze-alloying endaweni yensimbi ne-oxidizing.Uma okuqukethwe kwe-nickel ku-iron kudlula u-8%, kusimamisa ukwakheka kwe-cubic egxile kubuso be-austenite, kuthuthukise amandla okudlula kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuvikeleka kokugqwala.Ngakho-ke, i-chromium ne-nickel yizinto ezibalulekile ze-alloying ensimbi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-25-2024